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این کتاب با نگاهی ویژه بر گزاره «تاریخ مهم است» که غالباً ادعا شده ولی کمتر بدان پرداخته شده به نگارش درآمده است. در اقتصاد نهادگرای جدید، تاریخ مفهوم دیگری پیدا کرده است زیرا در نگاه این مکتب، نهادها مهماند و تاریخ نهادی مهم، چرا که نهادهای دیروز بر انتخابهای امروز تأثیر میگذارند و انتخابهای امروز بر تصمیمات آینده اثر خواهند گذاشت.
نهادگرایی جدید در اصل معطوف به حل مسائل دنیایی است که در آن زاده شده است، ولی بنیانگذارانش آن را بهگونهای طراحی کردهاند که این نظریه بتواند به سؤالات دیگری نیز پاسخ دهد، پرسشهایی معطوف به مسائلی از قبیل اینکه چرا اقتصادهای شکوفا روزی متوقف بودند، انقلاب اقتصادی اول و دوم جهان مرهون چه اقدامات پیشینی بود، حقوق مالکیت کارآمد با هزینه اجرای کم چه انبانی از ثروت را در پی دارد و پرسشهایی از این سنخ. همه این مسائل ما را قادر میسازند که در یک بستر تاریخی پاسخ مسائل اقتصادی و سیاسی خود را جستوجو کنیم و از حقوق مالکیت، هزینه مبادله، قانون و بسیاری از مسائل مشترک دیگر پرسشگری داشته باشیم. لذا در این مسیر، نظریه و روش نورث که همان نظریه نهادگرایی جدید است، بر شرایط ایران تطبیق داده شده است. در این کتاب طیفی از خصایص مهم جامعه، تاریخ، سیاست و اقتصاد ایران و بسیاری از نکات برجسته نظریه نورث در مورد ایران مطرح شده است و با مراجعه به جامعهشناسی تاریخی اقتصاد ایران تبیینی نهادگرا از مسئله توسعهنیافتگی ایران و برخی شاخ و برگهای مهم آن ارائه شده است. این کتاب همچنین چگونگی ریشهدار شدن پدیده «وابستگی به مسیر طیشده» و «تصلب ساختار نهادی» کشورمان را با استفاده از تحلیلهای عمیق اقتصادی-اجتماعی مورد بررسی قرار داده است.
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